Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Answer: Introduction TCP stands for transmission control protocol. In transmission control protocol (TCP) higher layer helps to manage the assembling of message or file into a smaller packets. The address of each packet is handled by lower layer internet protocol. The commands used to retrieve all these information (Physical Address, IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, DNS and DHCP server address) will be mentioned. The difference and its advantage of using IPv4 and IPv6 will be given. About TCP/IP and its common protocol will be done. Relation between a domain name and TCP/IP address will be given. Functionality of DNS and DHCP server will be given. The network address and its calculation will be derived. IP address of Google and its average delay of the packets will be given. The ipconfig/all keyword is used to find all address in the cmd. This single command can be used to find all addresses. To open the cmd, click start and type cmd in the "Run" menu. Then enter the keyword ipconfig/all. Then click "Enter" key, you will get all addresses[1]. Internet Protocol address is used to find each system in the network. This identifier shows the system in a unique manner from other devices such as printer, mobile device, router, etc. This address will be put into a unique system such as computer and other devices such as printer, router, mobile devices, etc. [6]. An IP address is formatted by 32-bit numeric address and it is written as four numbers separated by periods. Its number ranges from 0 to 255.IP address is assigned within an isolated network. Main difference between Ipv6 and Ipv4 IPv6 IPv4 It is also a binary number but it is mentioned in hexadecimals. It is the binary number and it is also mentioned in decimals. 128 bit length is required for IPv6. 32 bit length is required for IPv4. IPv6 does not have the optional fields. But it has the extension headers. IPv4 header have the Options fields. But IPv6 has only one method for fragmentation such as only by sender. By using the two methods of IPv4, do the fragmentation such as sender and forwarding routers. With the help of Flow Label concept, IPv6 identifies the packet flow. At the same time it is done only within the IPv6 header. By using the IPv4 the packet flows cannot be identified. Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) messages is used to replace GMP. To manage multicast group membership Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used. IPv6 contains the inbuilt IPsec Support. IPv4 does not have the inbuilt IPsec Support. In the optional manner it uses the IPsec. Is there any advantage of using IPv6 above IPv4 Yes there is many advantages of using IPv6 above IPv4. Rather than the IPv4 address, the IPv6 has many advantages. We already seen from the above table. The main advantage of using IPv6 is the run out of IPv4 address. The main usage of the IPv6 are discussed in the following two topics. Client-side IP address assignment, no need for DHCP By using the client device IPv6 have some main advantage. That is the address can be assigned in a two different ways such as automatically and dynamically. It means the requirement of DHCP server is not needed in IPv6.But IPv4 has the requirement of DHCP server. Multiple network addresses assigned to the same device For a single device we can assign many address. It is second important feature of IPV6. It has the great boon to connect many networks at the same time. TCP/IP is called as two layer program. TCP is called as a higher layer and IP is called as a lower layer. The higher layer of TCP protocol is used to convert the huge file or information into the small packets. IP is used to handle each packet address [2]. FTP SSH TELNET SMTP DNS DHCP Relation between a domain name and TCP/IP Address Domain Name service is a mechanism to translate the domain name into IP address and vice versa. Human brain can remember names better than numbers for example it is easy to remember https://www.quora.com rather than its IP 103.243.13.60.so whenever you type https://www.quora.com in your browser, DNS server will be configured in your network address and gets a query for IP address of https://www.quora.com [8]. Check yourself startruntype nslookup NSLOOKUP NSLookup gives a charge line utility to diagnose the DNS issues. It is the most fundamental utilization, NSLookup gives back the IP address with coordinating host name [7]. Ping to www.google.com from cmd The PING utility is used to test the network between two hosts. PING utilizes an uncommon convention is called Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) and to decide whether the remote machine (server, site and so forth) can get test bundle and the answer. Ping command is used to verify IP-level connectivity. whenever it starts to troubleshoot use ping to send ICMP echo request to IP address or target host name Likewise an incredible approach is available to confirm whether TCP/IP is introduced and Network Card is working or not. By Pinging the loopback address (127.0.0.1) we will begin to check whether TCP/IP is introduced and then check it is arranged accurately in the nearby PC. Using cmd promote type ping www.google.com. The result is given below: Net stat (Network Statistics) it display the network connection of both outgoing and incoming routing tables and also it display the number of network interface statistics. It is a very helpful tool to find about the problems and by using performance measurement it determines about the amount of traffic occurs in network. Net stat provides statistics for protocol name (TCP or UDP), local address and foreign address. Parameters using this command must be prefixed with hypen (-) than a slash (-). Net stat provides statistics over incoming and outgoing traffic. DNS server can utilize the foundation zone stacking to start reacting the inquiries very quickly when it restarts, rather than holding up until the zones are completely stacked. The DNS server can react to questions for the hubs whether it has stacked or it can be recovered from AD DS. This uses additionally gives another favorable position when zone information is put away from AD DS as opposed in a document [4]. It automatically provides IP address for client computer. It also manager the IP address of the clients. It provides configuration for the network clients. It has reliability for the configuration of IP addresses. It reduces the work of Network administration. It has valid parameters for the TCP/IP configuration for the client network [5]. Conclusion The command we used to retrieve all these information (Physical Address, IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, DNS and DHCP server address) is mentioned. The difference and its advantage of using IPv4 and IPv6 is given. About TCP/IP and its common protocol is given. Relation between a domain name and TCP/IP address is given. Functionality of DNs and DHCP server is done. The network address and its calculation is given. IP address of Google and its average delay of the packets is found. References NETworking, 1st ed. [Hong Kong]: Regional NET Coordinating Team, NET Section, CDI, EDB, 2013. NETworking, 1st ed. [Hong Kong]: Education Bureau, 2008. "IP Calculator / IP Subnetting",Jodies.de, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://jodies.de/ipcalc. [Accessed: 28- Apr- 2017]. "DNS Server Role",Technet.microsoft.com, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc753635(v=ws.10).aspx. [Accessed: 28- Apr- 2017]. "What Is DHCP?: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)",Technet.microsoft.com, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc781008(v=ws.10).aspx. [Accessed: 28- Apr- 2017]. "What is an IP Address?",Iplocation.net, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.iplocation.net/ip-address. [Accessed: 28- Apr- 2017]. "What is TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)? - Definition from WhatIs.com",SearchNetworking, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/TCP-IP. [Accessed: 28- Apr- 2017]. "What is TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)?",Computerhope.com, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/t/tcpip.htm. [Accessed: 28- Apr- 2017]